{"id":4943,"date":"2025-11-05T13:14:11","date_gmt":"2025-11-05T13:14:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theirmindia.org\/blog\/?p=4943"},"modified":"2026-02-25T17:07:35","modified_gmt":"2026-02-25T17:07:35","slug":"reclaiming-the-sidewalk-a-risk-intelligent-approach-to-make-indian-cities-walkable","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theirmindia.org\/blog\/reclaiming-the-sidewalk-a-risk-intelligent-approach-to-make-indian-cities-walkable\/","title":{"rendered":"Reclaiming the Sidewalk &#8211; A risk-intelligent approach to make Indian cities walkable"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theirmindia.org\/certification-track\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-5040\" src=\"https:\/\/www.theirmindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/blog-image-300x74.png\" alt=\"Getting India Risk Ready\" width=\"668\" height=\"166\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.theirmindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/blog-image-300x74.png 300w, https:\/\/www.theirmindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/blog-image-768x191.png 768w, https:\/\/www.theirmindia.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/blog-image.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 668px) 100vw, 668px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Introduction<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Walking, the most elemental form of human mobility, serves as the foundation of any truly accessible city. Safe, uninterrupted, and thoughtfully designed footpaths and sidewalks are not mere aesthetic additions; they are a key metric for measuring urban liveability. A wide, continuous sidewalk signals to the ordinary commuter: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">we care for you<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. When sidewalks vanish or become blocked, the message is clear: your safety comes second.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Data consistently shows that a substantial majority of work-related journeys across Indian cities are relatively short, often less than five kilometers. Logically, these short distances should be effortlessly covered on foot. Yet, the poor state of pedestrian infrastructure\u2014broken pavements, encroachment, inadequate lighting, and inconsistent surfaces\u2014creates a pervasive deterrent, compelling residents to rely on motorized transport even for the briefest of errands.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This failure to prioritize the pedestrian not only diminishes the quality of urban life but introduces a host of cascading risks that jeopardize social, economic, and environmental resilience. This article employs a risk management lens to analyze the current crisis of walkability in Indian cities and proposes actionable, risk-intelligent strategies for <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theirmindia.org\/level1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>risk mitigation<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in order to reclaim the sidewalk.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Why Indian Cities Aren\u2019t Walkable<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The dominance of motorised vehicles in Indian cities introduces a host of intertwined <\/span>urban risks<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. As two-wheelers, cars and ride-hails proliferate, we see traffic congestion, pollution, road-rage episodes, and a heightened accident rate. Sidewalks often become the residual space \u2014 narrow, fragmented, and vulnerable to encroachments.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Traffic Congestion:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The fundamental shift from walking to driving for short trips significantly increases the volume of traffic. This leads to debilitating congestion, resulting in loss of work-hours, inflated logistics costs, <\/span>traffic risk<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and a drag on urban economic productivity.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Pollution: <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theirmindia.org\/about-us\/why-erm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Environmental risks<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> such as increased vehicular emissions directly contribute to severe air and noise pollution, raising the risk profile for <\/span>health risks<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> such as respiratory diseases, cardiovascular issues, and diminished overall public health. Furthermore, the lack of walkable spaces discourages physical activity, exacerbating health concerns associated with sedentary lifestyles, such as obesity and diabetes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Design flaws:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> One of the fundamental reasons Indian cities are difficult to walk in lies in how they are designed<\/span><b>.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Sidewalks often begin and end abruptly, forcing pedestrians to step onto moving carriageways. There is rarely a continuous network that connects key destinations such as schools, metro stations or markets. Street edges are either walled off, encroached upon or used for parking. As a result, pedestrians are squeezed into narrow, uneven strips. Many junctions are built to favour fast vehicle turning movements, leaving little refuge space or safe crossings for people on foot. Zebra crossings, tactile paving, and kerb ramps are often missing or poorly maintained thereby posing <\/span>infrastructure risks<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Furthermore, Indian streets showcase an absence of universal design.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Persons with disabilities, senior citizens, and parents with strollers are largely excluded from the pedestrian paths due to level differences, obstructions, or poor surfacing. Resilient urban systems depend on <\/span>sustainable infrastructure<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that serves all users equitably, not just those behind the wheel.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Poor maintenance:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Poorly maintained or non-existent footpaths disproportionately affect vulnerable populations\u2014the elderly, children, and persons with disabilities. This creates a severe barrier to access and mobility, fundamentally compromising the city\u2019s <\/span>road safety<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and social contract, and deepening urban inequality. The lack of safe passage is, at its core, an issue of spatial injustice.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Road Rage and Fatalities:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> When pedestrians are forced to share space with fast-moving vehicles due to unusable sidewalks, <\/span>safety risks<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> arising from accidents, injuries, and fatalities spike dramatically. The ensuing stress and competition for limited road space also elevate the incidence of aggressive driving and road rage, further eroding urban civic harmony.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>The Cost of Neglecting Pedestrian Infrastructure<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Human cost:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Pedestrian fatalities and injuries continue to mount. The absence of usable footpaths forces people into carriageways or unsafe crossings thus affecting <\/span>pedestrian\u00a0 safety<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Economic cost:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Walkable streets are intrinsically linked to vibrant local economies. When streetscapes are hostile to pedestrians, footfall for local shops and street vendors decreases, stifling micro-economic activity and weakening the social fabric of neighborhoods. The cost is the loss of a dynamic, street-level economy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Public-health cost:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Lack of walking-friendly environments suppresses incidental physical activity, contributing to sedentary lifestyles and associated non-communicable diseases. When walking is unattractive or unsafe, more trips are made by vehicle or informal transport, adding to pollution that is detrimental to health.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Urban resilience cost:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Walkability is central to resilient urban design. Cities that prioritise motorised mobility risk locking in unsustainable transport systems, making them more vulnerable to shocks like fuel price spikes and climate change impacts.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Affordability cost:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> If walking is unsafe, affordable housing that is farther from workplaces becomes less viable, generating longer commutes and placing stress on public transport and infrastructure \u2014 adding hidden costs to city-living.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Reputation cost:<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A city that fails to provide basic, safe infrastructure for its citizens faces <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theirmindia.org\/about-us\/why-erm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>reputational risk<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as it signals a critical weakness in governance and planning. This negatively impacts the city\u2019s brand, deterring talented professionals and foreign investment, as liveability is increasingly weighted in location decisions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Risk-Intelligent Solutions to Make Indian Cities Walkable<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Equitable Distribution of Road Space<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the fundamental errors in <\/span>urban planning<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has been the assumption that street capacity must expand primarily for vehicles. A risk-intelligent counter-strategy is to reallocate road-space \u2014 ensuring sidewalks, cycle tracks and public-realm amenities receive more than token space.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Designing Streets That Cater to Everyone<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Individual streets cannot be addressed in isolation. A risk-intelligent approach<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">necessitates the development of a complete, connected network where walkability is seamless across the city. This means ensuring that footpaths connect major transit hubs, commercial centers, residential areas, and public services without hazardous breaks or dead ends. A case study in Nagpur found that while one redesigned street ranked high for walkability and cycle-friendliness, adjacent streets lagged significantly \u2014 illustrating how walkability efforts must extend beyond flagship stretches.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rather than undertaking the redevelopment of every footpath, most existing footpaths can be repaired and retrofitted. The focus should be on the &#8216;edge&#8217; of the carriageway, the neglected margin where the footpath lies, as the main carriageways are typically maintained. Repairing and upgrading these edges is feasible, cost-effective and immediate. This targeted, focused investment will drastically reduce the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theirmindia.org\/level2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>financial risk<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and logistical risk of large-scale projects while yielding quick, visible results.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Strategic focus on walking infrastructure<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Authorities must prioritise wider footpaths, obstacle-free surfaces, shade provision, lighting and safe crossing points.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A poorly maintained sidewalk quickly reverts to unusability. Maintenance regimes must be regularly conducted to maintain the new condition of roads.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Data-driven <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theirmindia.org\/rmat-risk-culture-assessment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>risk assessment<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> must be incorporated in planning: high-pedestrian corridors must be mapped, pedestrian-vehicle conflict zones should be analysed, and priority must be assigned based on exposure and vulnerability (elderly, children, disabled).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Institutional Initiatives &amp; Pilot Programs<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As the World Economic Forum\u2019s 2025 report on urban resilience and global stability<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">observes, cities that institutionalise inclusive urban design \u2014 supported by strong public participation and transparent governance \u2014 are better equipped to withstand systemic shocks. The visibility of well-designed, pedestrian-friendly streets acts as a public demonstration of good governance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Institutional initiatives require cities to measure walkability indices, conduct public consultations, and co-design interventions with local communities. This process helps identify specific problems \u2014 unsafe crossings, encroached sidewalks, or accident black spots \u2014 allowing municipalities to target limited resources more effectively. Pilot programs allow cities to experiment, collect evidence, and demonstrate measurable benefits before scaling up. When pilots succeed, they help secure political and financial buy-in for larger transformations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In India, the Streets4People initiative of the Ministry of Housing &amp; Urban Affairs (MHUA), under the Smart Cities Mission, claims to have transformed around 50 streets across India with pedestrian-friendly interventions. This shows that systemic change is possible \u2014 and that risk-intelligent street design is not just theoretical.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Global Blueprints for Transformation of <\/b><b>Pedestrian Infrastructure<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>New York City, United States<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 Car-oriented streets are being transformed into pedestrian spaces; e.g., widening sidewalks, adding seating, reallocating vehicle lanes, thereby reducing traffic speeds and enhancing foot traffic in commercial zones.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Barcelona, Spain:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Barcelona\u2019s renowned &#8220;Superblock&#8221; model involves reorganizing groups of nine city blocks into units where through-traffic is redirected to the perimeter. The interior streets are reclaimed for pedestrians, play, and community interaction, ensuring that essential services are within a walkable radius. This radically reduces traffic-related risks, enhances air quality, and promotes community interactions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Paris, France:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Paris is aggressively pursuing the concept of the &#8220;15-Minute City,&#8221; where residents can reach most of their key destinations (work, school, shopping, leisure) via a 15-minute walk or bike ride. A long-term policy emphasis on walking and cycling has reshaped neighbourhoods, prioritized the public realm, and banned or limited cars in central zones.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These international precedents illustrate that rethinking rethinking road-space and prioritising pedestrians is both feasible and effective. The key: cities treat walking as a central urban mobility strategy, not a secondary outcome.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Putting Policy into Practice<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To turn vision into action, the following shifts are essential:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Current urban policies often perversely subsidize the development and maintenance of sprawling, car-dependent suburbs, eroding walkability. A shift is required so that investments favour non-motorised transport, pedestrian zones, and localised mixed-use development. This means regulatory changes that make it easier and more financially attractive to build the types of urban spaces that inherently support walking and public transit.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Expecting citizens to abandon car ownership without a viable, safe alternative is unrealistic. Strategic investment must flow into enhancing the public realm\u2014parks, squares, and, crucially, sidewalks. Quality walking infrastructure offers a life-style shift, not simply a mobility mode.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Building on green fields is mechanically simple; the true challenge\u2014lies in re-designing existing areas. This involves land-use reform, pedestrian crossing upgrades, encroachment removal and extensive public-realm redesign. This difficult work is where <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theirmindia.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>risk management<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> thinking truly adds value.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Every street and neighbourhood possesses a unique context and will have different patterns of pedestrian use and blockages. Effective implementation of <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">risk strategies<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> requires constant engagement with community groups and civil society on design and maintenance.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Conclusion &#8211; Vision for the Future<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Imagine an Indian city where every resident, from child to senior, can step out of their home and walk safely to transit stops, markets, schools and parks \u2014 where sidewalks are continuous, shaded, unobstructed, comfortable and inviting. Where vehicles no longer dominate the roadway edge and footpaths become vibrant public spaces. Where walking is not a risk-laden choice but a natural, attractive option.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cities that succeed in this transformation will reap dividends: fewer accidents, lower vehicular dependence, healthier populations, more inclusive mobility and greater overall resilience. Reclaiming the sidewalk is not just about pavement-work \u2013 it is a genuine reflection of a civic commitment to human flourishing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With the right risk-intelligent approach, Indian cities can make walking visible, valued and viable.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>FAQS<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><strong>1.Why is it so difficult to walk in Indian cities?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is difficult to walk in Indian cities due to the following factors &#8211;\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fundamental shift from walking to driving for short trips significantly increases the volume of traffic. This leads to debilitating congestion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">Environmental risks<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> such as increased vehicular emissions directly contribute to severe air and noise pollution, leading to diminished overall public health. The lack of walkable spaces discourages physical activity, exacerbating concerns such as obesity and diabetes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the fundamental reasons Indian cities are difficult to walk in lies in how they are designed<\/span><b>.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Sidewalks often begin and end abruptly. There is rarely a continuous network that connects key destinations. Street edges are either walled off, encroached upon or used for parking. As a result, pedestrians are squeezed into narrow, uneven strips.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poorly maintained or non-existent footpaths disproportionately affect the elderly, children, and persons with disabilities. This creates a severe barrier to access and mobility.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When pedestrians are forced to share space with fast-moving vehicles due to unusable sidewalks, <\/span>safety risks<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> such as accidents, injuries, and fatalities spike dramatically.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2. How does poor pedestrian infrastructure increase urban risk?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poor pedestrian infrastructure increases the following urban risks &#8211;\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The absence of usable footpaths forces people into carriageways or unsafe crossings thus affecting <\/span>pedestrian\u00a0 safety<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When walking is unattractive or unsafe, more trips are made by vehicle or informal transport, adding to congestion, pollution and travel-time costs. As a result, households bear higher transport expenditures.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When streetscapes are hostile to pedestrians, footfall for local shops and street vendors decreases, stifling micro-economic activity.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lack of walking-friendly environments suppresses incidental physical activity, contributing to sedentary lifestyles and associated non-communicable diseases.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cities that do not prioritise pedestrian infrastructure risk locking in unsustainable transport systems, making them more vulnerable to shocks like fuel price spikes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>3. Why is pedestrian infrastructure important?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Walking, the most elemental form of human mobility, serves as the foundation of any truly accessible city. Safe, uninterrupted, and thoughtfully designed pedestrian infrastructure such as footpaths and sidewalks are not mere aesthetic additions; they are a key metric for measuring urban liveability.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A wide, continuous sidewalk signals to the ordinary commuter: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">we care for you<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. When sidewalks vanish or become blocked, the message is clear: your safety comes second.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cities that have good pedestrian infrastructure see fewer accidents, lower vehicular dependence, healthier populations, more inclusive mobility and greater overall resilience.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The failure to prioritize the pedestrian not only diminishes the quality of urban life but introduces a host of cascading risks that jeopardize social, economic, and environmental resilience.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With the right risk-intelligent approach, Indian cities can make walking visible, valued and viable.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction Walking, the most elemental form of human mobility, serves as the foundation of any truly accessible city. Safe, uninterrupted, and thoughtfully designed footpaths and sidewalks are not mere aesthetic additions; they are a key metric for measuring urban liveability. A wide, continuous sidewalk signals to the ordinary commuter: we care for you. When sidewalks vanish or become blocked, the message is clear: your safety comes second. Data consistently shows that a substantial majority of work-related journeys across Indian cities are relatively short, often less than five kilometers. Logically, these short distances should be effortlessly covered on foot. Yet, the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":4951,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[56],"tags":[206,204,218],"class_list":["post-4943","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-risk-360","tag-pedestrian-safety","tag-reclaiming-sidewalk","tag-traffic-risk"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Mitigating Urban Risks: A Risk-Intelligent Strategy for Walkability in Indian Cities - IRM India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Understand the risks posed by poor walkability in Indian cities. 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